Theni Trekking Club

Fruit is considered a good source of vitamins and minerals and plays an important role in preventing deficiency of vitamin C and vitamin A. People who eat fruit as part of a healthy diet are usually at a lower risk of developing chronic disease. A diet high in fruits can reduce the risk of stroke, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes.

Mango and banana are the main fruits in Tamil Nadu, accounting for more than 81% of total fruit production. Mango has nearly 53% of the total fruit area. Mangoes are rich in vitamin C, fiber and pectin, making them the perfect fruit to help control high cholesterol levels. Off-season mango production and year-round wine production are the unique features of Tamil Nadu.

Bananas are one of the best fruit sources for vitamin B6 and potassium. The potassium in bananas is good for heart health and helps maintain normal blood pressure.

Pomegranates are not only delicious and beautiful; They are also one of the most nutritious fruits you can eat. It has 82% water and about 50 calories. It is an excellent source of potassium (199 mg) and a good source of fiber and is low in calories.

Guava is taking over the market today. Guava dominates and is valued for processing. Redland, the first variety to be named in Florida, was developed at the University of Florida. Other varieties are Supreme "," Red Indian "," Ruby "," Lucknow 42 ", Lucknow 49 '," Safeda "-" Smooth Green "," Allahabad'-Kerala "," Nagpur Seedless "," Seedless ", Guava "red meat" seeds thrive in humid and dry climates.

Today, papaya is becoming increasingly important due to its rich healing and nutritional properties. Papaya fruit is rich in nutrients and contains various kinds of amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. They strengthen bones, prevent muscle spasms and increase energy. There are two types of papaya, Hawaiian and Mexican. Papayas require light, well-draining soil. Papaya is usually propagated by seeds and cuttings.

The mango tree stands tall and has branches with a thick trunk and a broad, rounded crown. The leaves of the tree are shiny and dark green. It is elliptical or lanceolate with long stems and a rough texture. The tree forms dense clusters of flowers with creamy pink petals on branching panicles.

Mango leaves are very useful for treating diabetes. The tender leaves of the mango tree contain tannins called anthocyanins, which can help treat early-stage diabetes. The leaves are dried and powdered or used as an infusion for medicinal purposes. It also helps in treating diabetic angiopathy and diabetic retinopathy.

History

The mango is inextricably connected with the folklore and non secular ceremonies of India. Buddha himself was presented with a mango grove that he might find repose in its grateful shade. The name mango, by which the fruit is understood in English- and Spanish-speaking countries, is presumably derived from the Malayalam manna, which the Portuguese adopted as manga once they came to Kerala in 1498 for the spice trade. Probably due to the problem in transporting seeds (they retain their viability a brief time only), the tree wasn't introduced into the occident until about 1700, when it had been planted in Brazil; it reached the West Indies about 1740.

 The mango grows in tropical climates. Extended exposure to temperatures below 30°F can kill or severely damage a mango , so within the U.S. they're only ready to grow within the southernmost portions of Florida and California. Fortunately, mangos are cultivated all round the tropical regions of the world so Americans can enjoy the delicious fruit year round.

A mango can grow quite large, reaching a height of 100 feet or more with a cover of 35 feet or more. Mangos in cultivation are generally pruned and kept much smaller for a more manageable harvest. the massive leaves are leathery, 5 to 16 inches long , and remain on the tree for a year or more. Flowers are produced in terminal panicles or clusters 4 to 16 inches long. Each flower is little with white petals and a light sweet aroma. The flowers are pollinated by insects and fewer than 1 percent of the flowers will mature to make a fruit. A mango angiospermous tree fully flower may be a beautiful sight indeed.

Certain mangos on each tree will receive more sunlight than others, with some fruit staying shaded within the tree’s canopy. In certain varieties, the mangos that receive the foremost sunlight will develop a red blush at the stem end. This red blush isn't an indicator of maturity, quality or ripeness.

It takes approximately four months for the mangos to mature on the tree before they’re ready for harvest. During that point , the fruit-laden branches of the mango may bow under the load of the developing mangos. Each fruit is harvested by hand, providing jobs for local workers and a secure passage to the packinghouse for the mangos.

The growth of the tree causes a process called carbon sequestration or carbon uptake. The tree absorbs CO2 from the environment, using it to make the trunk, branches, leaves and fruit of the mango . The tree produces oxygen and releases it into the environment during this process.

Meanwhile, the method of growing, harvesting and transporting the mangos to the retailer within the U.S. generates greenhouse gases that are released into the environment. Researchers studying both the greenhouse emission emissions and therefore the carbon sequestration of a typical mango found some exciting and maybe surprising results.

In the Mexican states of Nayarit and Sinaloa, the typical mango angiospermous tree could sequester two to 2 and a half times the carbon that's emitted during growing, harvesting and transportation to the U.S. retailer. the typical mango within the Mexican state of Chiapas could absorb seven times the carbon that's emitted.

The mango produces the delicious mango fruit, while absorbing CO2 , producing oxygen and supporting the livelihoods of thousands of workers. It really is that the amazing mango .

The mango doesn't require any particular soil, but the finer varieties yield good crops only where there's a well-marked season to stimulate fruit production. In rainy areas a fungal disease referred to as anthracnose destroys flowers and young fruits and is difficult to regulate . Propagation is by grafting or budding. Inarching, or approach grafting (in which a scion and stock of independently rooted plants are grafted and therefore the scion later severed from its original stock), is widely practiced in tropical Asia but is tedious and comparatively expensive. In Florida, more efficient methods—veneer grafting and chip budding—have been developed and are used commercially.

Fruits and vegetables are considered to be the protective food because these help us to develop a defense mechanism in our body. Mango (Mangifera indica), which is that the king of fruits for over 4000 years, is additionally our national fruit. An Economic Analysis Production Function of Mango Cultivation in Theni district.

Economic Importance

The fruit is extremely fashionable among the masses thanks to its wide selection of adaptability, high nutritive value, richness in variety, delicious taste and excellent flavour. it's an upscale source of vitamin A and C. The fruit is consumed raw or ripe. Good mango varieties contain 20% of total soluble sugars. The acid content of ripe desert fruit varies from 0.2 to 0.5 attempt to protein content is about I Chronicles .

Raw fruits of local sorts of mango trees are used for preparing various traditional products like raw slices in brine, amchur, pickle, murabba, chutney, panhe (sharabat) etc. Presently, the raw fruit of local sorts of mango are used for preparing pickle and raw slices in brine on commercial scale while fruits of Alphonso variety are used for squash in coastal western zones.

 The wood is employed as timber, and dried twigs are used for religious purposes. The mango kernel also contains about 8-10% good quality fat which may be used for saponification. Its starch is employed within the confectionery industry.

 Mango also has medicinal uses. The ripe fruit has fattening, diuretic and laxative properties. It helps to extend digestive capacity.

The different products of mango which are exported include mango chutney, pickles, jam, squash, pulp, juice, nectar and slices. These are being exported to U.K., U.S.A., Kuwait and Russia. Besides these, the fresh mangoes are being exported to Bangladesh, Bahrain, France, Kuwait, Malaysia, Nepal, Singapore and U.K.

The varieties in demand at the international market include Kent, Tomy Atkin, Alphonso and Kesar. Varieties like Alphonso, Dashehari, Kesar, Banganapalli and a number of other other varieties that are currently in demand within the international markets are produced and exported from India.

 Kesar mango

The 'Gir Kesar' mango, also called Kesar, may be a mango cultivar grown within the foothills of Girnar in Gujarat, western India. The mango is understood for its bright orange colored pulp and was given the geographical indication status in 2011.

World Trade

 Among internationally traded tropical fruits, mango ranks only second to pineapple in quantity and value. Major markets for fresh and dried mangoes in 1998 were: Malaysia, Japan, Singapore, Hong Kong and therefore the Netherlands, while for canned mango were: Netherlands, Australia, uk , Germany, France and USA.

 Southeast Asian buyers consume mangoes all year round. Their supplies come mainly from India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia and last South Africa .

  Each exporting country has its own varieties, which differ in shape, colour and flavour. Prices are very low for Indonesian and Thailand fruit and are on the upper side for Indian fruit. Within the US of America, the costs vary with the season, higher prices found during February and March, when mango availability is lowest.

 Most international trade of fresh mangoes takes place within short distances. Mexico, Haiti and Brazil account for the bulk of North America’s imports. India and Pakistan are the predominant suppliers to the West Asian market. Southeast Asian countries get most of their supplies from the Philippines and Thailand. European Union buyers source mangoes from South America and Asia. Although Asia accounts for 75 percent of world production, its dominance doesn't translate into international trade.

 “This year we expect better crops. whilst there's a water shortage within the other parts of Kutch, we are ready to provide adequate water thanks to drip irrigation through groundwater. We are expecting the canal network to urge completed, which can further boost the prospects for Kutch to become a kesar land,” , a mango producer in Kurangani hills. In Kurangani the farmers developed mango orchards in about 150 acres of land.

 According to officialdom , the State's support within the sort of infrastructure development, market support for exports and subsidy for seeds and cultivation has attracted an outsized number of farmers in Kurangani to require mango as a key crop.

 Present research was administered to standardize high-density planting techniques for sustainable yield within the dry region of Kurangani hills for 'Kesar' mangoes. Kesar mangoes were planted within the drought-prone area in light soil where average rainfall is around 400 mm. The plantation was made at a distance of 5 m × 4 m in 2002. Initially, tree architecture was developed by pruning and training under drip irrigation. Fertilizer application was done through drip using water soluble fertilizers. afterward they were shifted to diffuser technique (a sub soil irrigation technique through earthen pots) for fertilizer application during the fruiting period. The number of fertilizers was calculated on the fresh fruit nutrient removal basis. From year 2007, the plant started producing a sustainable yield of a mean of seven tons/ha. After harvesting, the plants were lightly pruned to develop the plant architecture for next production year.

Ripeness & Quality: Kesar are able to eat when the fruit is tender with an overall softness coming through the skinny peel. Avoid fruit with excessively soft patches or bruised or compressed areas. a touch wrinkling of the skin is of no concern, and sometimes means the fruit is at peak eating quality. A Kesar with advanced ripeness may occasionally suffer from ‘sponginess’ of the flesh, which is instantly obvious on cutting the fruit open and may be scooped out and discarded.

In kurangani manufacturing, exporting, trading and supplying a wide assortment of Organic Grape Mango from Bodinayakanur, Tamil Nadu, India. Being a seasonal fruit, these are primarily demanded across the globe for their unique taste. Our offered mangoes are the richest source of Vitamin C and calcium. These also aid in reducing the blood pressures level to a considerable extent. Further, our range is offered to the customers at pocket friendly prices.

These mangoes are harvested by our professionals in complete compliance with the food industry laid standards and norms. Our provided range is cultivated by farmers using natural fertilizers and is grown under the most hygiene environment.

Mango Processing Plant

Mango Pulp Processing Plant

Other places  manufacturing & supplying complete mango processing machinery on turnkey basis for the assembly of mango pulp, juice & concentrated puree, also as single machines to satisfy specific requirements

They can set up mango processing plants on turnkey basis where fresh mangoes are going to be processed to manufacture mango pulp, mango concentrate/Jam and mango Juice. Plant comprises following sections:

Reception Section:

Fresh mangoes would be received at the reception section and passed on to the fruit washing and grading section.

Mangoes from reception are going to be washed in the washing section to get rid of outer dirt and foreign matter from the fruit skin.

Washed mango would be fed to the inspection cum sorting conveyor where unwanted, damaged mangoes would be separated out manually.

Major Equipments:

Infeed Conveyor, Mango Washer, Sorting Table

Processing and Juice Extraction Section:

Washed & graded Mangoes would be passed on to the fruit crush extraction and processing unit.

From fresh Mangoes the juice is going to be extracted by a juice extraction system.

The outer skin, seed and fiber of fruits would be separated out from the extraction machine then disposed manually.

Extracted juice is passed to the warmth treatment to avoid the standard degradation.

Again it's fine pulped in a Pulper cum finisher to urge finished pulp.

This pulp will choose further processing to Pulp Pasteuriser

Pasteurized pulp is transferred to a Pulp tank .

Major Equipments:

Mango Destoner, Receiving Tank, Transfer Pump, Pulper cum Finisher, Receiving Tank, Transfer Pump, Pulp Preheater (Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger), Pulp Storage cum Balance Tank

Sugar Syrup Preparation Section:

For Mango Pulp then it's mixed with sugar solution and every one ingredient. Then the Mango Pulp is pasteurized then allowed for packing.

Major equipments: -

Sugar Dissolving Tank, Sugar Solution Transfer Pump, Inline Filter, Blending Tank, Screw Pump, Paste Pasteurizer, Balance Tank, Transfer Pump (Lobe Type), Buffer Tank (Insulated)

 It is reported that Periyakulam, Kurangani, Bodi in the vicinity of Theni wants to set up a mango pulp factory with the mangoes grown in these places. The mangoes grown here are very sweet and suitable for making pulp, so there is no doubt that these mangoes are very tasty and give good value to the farmers.